Chronická lymfocytární leukemie (CLL)
| Title in English | Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) |
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| Authors | |
| Year of publication | 2020 |
| Type | Chapter of a book |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| Description | The diagnosis of CLL is made according to the recommendations of the International Workshop on CLL (IWCLL) based on a blood count with a microscopic budget and peripheral blood flow cytometry. Diagnosis requires the presence of at least 5 × 109 / l B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood with evidence of a characteristic immunophenotype and clonality by flow cytometry. The blood smear contains mostly small, mature lymphocytes with a narrow border of the cytoplasm and a condensed nucleus without a nucleolus; there may be an admixture of larger, atypical nuclei with cleaved nuclei or prolymphocytes, which may make up 55% of all leukemic cells. A finding of lymphocytes above 55%, together with a finding in flow cytometry, leads to a diagnosis of B-prolymphocytic leukemia (B-PLL). Because the malignant clone can be unambiguously identified in the peripheral blood, bone marrow or lymph node examination is not required to diagnose CLL. Bone marrow examination is usually performed to clarify the etiology of anemia or thrombocytopenia - differentiation of infiltration in CLL, autoimmune causes, etc. Extirpation and histological examination of the lymph node is indicated if the diagnosis of CLL is not clear (eg atypical immunophenotype) or if transformation is suspected. to another lymphoproliferative disease (Richter's syndrome). |