4 Apr

A color-tunable single-benzene fluorophore-based sensor for sensitive detection of palladium in solution and living cells

Single-benzene fluorophores are bright and the smallest fluorochromes known so far. In single-benzene fluorophores, the fluorescence is mediated by the push/pull effect of substituting groups. Despite a plethora of advantageous properties, this group of molecules has not been extensively studied for design of high-performance fluorescent sensors of catalytic or enzymatic activities. Thus, herein, new fluorescent probes based on the Tsuji-Trost reaction were developed for the selective detection of palladium and other transition metals (platinum and gold) in an aqueous/organic mixed solvent with the sensitivity down to 2.5 nM (for palladium). The relative flexibility in the synthesis of these probes allows for facile color tuning of the emitted fluorescence. In this study, we have successfully utilized a yellow emission variant for sensitive detection of palladium under cell-free conditions and in living cells, validating its possible applicability for high-throughput optical sensing of catalysts for bioorthogonal chemistry under physiological conditions.

21 Feb

Relative Entropy is an easy-to-use invasive EEG Biomarker of the Epileptogenic Zone

Objective: High-frequency oscillations are considered among the most promising interictal biomarkers of the epileptogenic zone in patients suffering from pharmaco-resistant focal epilepsy. However, there is no clear definition of pathological High-frequency oscillations and the existing detectors vary in methodology, performance, and computational costs. This study proposes Relative Entropy as an easy-to-use novel interictal biomarker of the epileptic tissue.

Methods: We evaluated Relative Entropy and High-frequency oscillations biomarkers on intracranial EEG data from 39 patients with seizure-free postoperative outcome (Engel Ia) from three Institutions. We tested their capability to localize the epileptogenic zone, defined as resected contacts located in seizure-onset zone. The performance was compared using areas under the receiver operating curves [AUROC] and precision-recall curves [AUPRC]. 

21 Feb

Basilar artery occlusion management: Specialist perspectives from an international survey

Background and purpose: Two early basilar artery occlusion (BAO) randomized controlled trials did not establish the superiority of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) over medical management. While many providers continue to recommend EVT for acute BAO, perceptions of equipoise in randomizing patients with BAO to EVT versus medical management may differ between clinician specialties.

Methods: We conducted an international survey (January 18, 2022 to March 31, 2022) regarding management strategies in acute BAO prior to the announcement of two trials indicating the superiority of EVT, and compared responses between interventionalists (INTs) and non-interventionalists (nINTs). Selection practices for routine EVT and perceptions of equipoise regarding randomizing to medical management based on neuroimaging and clinical features were compared between the two groups using descriptive statistics.

21 Feb

Parental education, cognition and functional connectivity of the salience network

The aim was to investigate the association of parental education at birth with cognitive ability in childhood and young adulthood and determine, whether functional connectivity of the salience network underlies this association. We studied participants of the Czech arm of the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood who underwent assessment of their cognitive ability at age 8 (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children) and 28/29 years (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale) and measurement with resting state functional MRI at age 23/24. We estimated the associations of parental education with cognitive ability and functional connectivity between the seeds in the salience network and other voxels in the brain. We found that lower education of both mothers and fathers was associated with lower verbal IQ, performance IQ and full-scale IQ of the offspring at age 8. Only mother´s education was associated with performance IQ at age 28/29.

9 Feb

Association of statin pre-treatment with baseline stroke severity and outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke and received reperfusion treatment: An observational study

Background: Statins have an important role in stroke prevention, especially in high-risk populations and may also affect the initial stroke severity and outcomes in patients taking them before an ischemic stroke.

Aims: Our aim was to evaluate the association of statin pre-treatment with the severity in acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods: We analyzed AIS patients received intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and/or endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) and recorded in the SITS International Thrombolysis and Thrombectomy Registry from 2011 to 2017. We identified patients with statin information at baseline. The primary outcome was baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score. 

9 Feb

Stroke Learning Health Systems: A Topical Narrative Review With Case Examples

To our knowledge, the adoption of Learning Health System (LHS) concepts or approaches for improving stroke care, patient outcomes, and value have not previously been summarized. This topical review provides a summary of the published evidence about LHSs applied to stroke, and case examples applied to different aspects of stroke care from high and low-to-middle income countries. Our attempt to systematically identify the relevant literature and obtain real-world examples demonstrated the dissemination gaps, the lack of learning and action for many of the related LHS concepts across the continuum of care but also elucidated the opportunity for continued dialogue on how to study and scale LHS advances. In the field of stroke, we found only a few published examples of LHSs and health systems globally implementing some selected LHS concepts, but the term is not common. A major barrier to identifying relevant LHS examples in stroke may be the lack of an agreed taxonomy or terminology for classification.

9 Feb

Single Cerebral Organoid Mass Spectrometry of Cell-Specific Protein and Glycosphingolipid Traits

Cerebral organoids are a prolific research topic and an emerging model system for neurological diseases in human neurobiology. However, the batch-to-batch reproducibility of current cultivation protocols is challenging and thus requires a high-throughput methodology to comprehensively characterize cerebral organoid cytoarchitecture and neural development. We report a mass spectrometry-based protocol to quantify neural tissue cell markers, cell surface lipids, and housekeeping proteins in a single organoid. Profiled traits probe the development of neural stem cells, radial glial cells, neurons, and astrocytes. We assessed the cell population heterogeneity in individually profiled organoids in the early and late neurogenesis stages. Here, we present a unifying view of cell-type specificity of profiled protein and lipid traits in neural tissue. Our workflow characterizes the cytoarchitecture, differentiation stage, and batch cultivation variation on an individual cerebral organoid level.

9 Feb

International study: Global impact of COVID-19 on stroke care - the Polish contribution

The most severe consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic were reported during its first wave in 2019. Although airway inflammation is part of the main clinical picture of COVID-19, the consequences of a SARS-Cov2 infection can also include coagulation disorders, cardiomyopathy and endotheliopathy, which lead to stroke in 1.5% of patients.
With the global reach of the pandemic came collaboration between scientists and clinicians from around the world.
This transfer of knowledge between various medical centres contributed to greatly improved understanding of the mechanisms of transmission and the different manifestations of infection.
To assess the global impact of the pandemic on stroke hospitalisations and outcomes, Prof. Nogueira inspired the international community of neurologists and neurointerventionalists from six continents, 70 countries and almost 500 hospital stroke centres to participate in large, cross-sectional, observational, retrospective studies