A paper published in Nature presents an innovative neural network model

In recent research, scientists have developed a new neural network model called iNets, which uses special cells derived from human stem cells. These cells called neural stem cells (NSCs), were grown in special conditions in vitro to form networks similar to those in the human brain. This model was based on previous research by a team led by Dasha Bohachakova, who described the derivation of NSCs and their potential in medicine.

In a recent paper by the team of authors in Nature, the scientists focused on developing these neural networks and their use for studying disease. One of the Institute of Histology and Embryology researchers examined how NSCs mature and function. The scientists then worked together to investigate the characteristics of these cells and the interpretation of the research data.

They also looked at using iNets to model diseases. The neurodegenerative disease ALS was chosen as a model. Several interesting findings were identified using the model. The researchers found that excessive accumulation of a certain protein, called TDP-43, is toxic to cells and causes them to die. This accumulation also affects neighbouring cells and regulates the production of the protein NPTX2, which is important for the formation of new connections between cells. This phenomenon has also been confirmed to occur not only in laboratory conditions but also in patients with ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases.

Experiments have shown that reducing NPTX2 protein levels can protect neurons from dying, which could represent an interesting therapeutic approach in the future.