Epidemiologie diabetické retinopatie
| Title in English | Epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy |
|---|---|
| Authors | |
| Year of publication | 2007 |
| Type | Article in Proceedings |
| Conference | Sborník abstrakt VIII. sympózia Diabetes mellitus-oční komplikace |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| Field | ORL, ophthalmology, stomatology |
| Keywords | epidemiology; diabetic retinopathy |
| Description | Diabetes mellitus is in the developed world one of the most common chronic disease and on this basis, it becomes a very serious global problem. Its occurrence varies considerably in different parts of the world. It is highest in Europe and America, particularly among Hispanic and black parts of the North American population, then the lowest in Japan, the Caribbean and Mediterranean. According to data from 2005 were registered in the Czech 739 305 diabetics. This means that over the past 5 years increased the number of diabetics by 17%. Among affected predominate 55% of women. Prevalence Type 1 DM type is relatively low and represents about 6.8% of the total number of diabetics (2005). Type 1 DM type most often arises during puberty between 12 to 15 years of age. But it should be noted that nearly half of cases type 1 DM type arises for the 35th year of age. This type of diabetes is known as LADA (latent autoimmune diabetes in adults). According to recent statistics, in 2005 in the Czech Republic were registered 50 506 type 1 diabetics. Statistical data on the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is not accurate for the high number of latent cases. It is estimated that percentage of type 2 diabetics identified, represents only 50% of the total number of patients. Generally speaking, the type 2 DM is more than 10 times more common than the type 1 DM. According to recent statistics from 2005, it has affected more than 91.8% of diabetics. The Czech Republic has registered 678,760 people with type 2 diabetes. In the age group above 60 years is by type 2 DM affected 15-20% of the population. In hospitals, among hospitalized patients occurs in about 30%. The illness usually occurs after 40th-50th. For 2025 it is estimated growth in diabetes patients by 44.8% compared to the situation in 1995. This figure is certainly more than alarming. According to statistics from the Czech Republic (2005) DR affects 12% of the population of diabetics, from this number is 22% of patients affected by proliferative DR. In 2000, was suffering from any degree of DR 73,861 patients; the proliferative form affected 16,094 patients. According to statistics from the year 2004 is visible an increase in the number of patients suffering from any form of DR by 14% to 79,182. Number of patients with proliferative retinopathy in the last 5 years increased by 16% to 17 407. In 2000 suffer from blindness due to type 2 DM 2,097. In 2005 their number increased to 2,169 patients. According to the statistics in the last 5 years we can see increase in the number in other chronic complications of DM. Number of patients affected by diabetic nephropathy increased by 31%, the number of patients suffering from diabetic foot has increased by 5%, the number of amputations due to diabetic gangrene increased during the reporting period by 27%. The increase in the number of chronic complications is not simply explained only by increase in total number of diabetics, this is the last 5 years 17%. In this case, the explanation for the fact, that we see aging of diabetic population, and it leads in the context of longer survival of these patients. |