Embryoprotective therapy of infertil women with polycystic ovary syndome
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| Year of publication | 2012 |
| Type | Chapter of a book |
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| Description | Infertility is defined as an inability of a woman to carry a pregnancy to a viable foetus. From the perspective of differential diagnosis, infertility differs from sterility, i.e. an inability of a woman to get pregnant. If a woman miscarries at least three consecutive occasions, this is termed habitual abortion (or habitual pregnancy loss, HPL). Habitual abortion is a stand-alone nosological unit rather than an accumulation of circumstantial factors, as is confirmed by the lower incidence of foetal chromosomal aberrations in repeatedly miscarrying women compared to spontaneous abortions and a greater involvement of peristatic factors. A loss of all consecutive pregnancies in the first or second trimester is termed primary recurrent miscarriage. Secondary recurrent miscarriage is a situation when repeated miscarriages are preceded by a pregnancy leading to childbirth or an induced abortion. The term dysfertility is used if a woman miscarries on two consecutive occasions only. Habitual abortion occurs in 1% of women in reproductive age and 15–38% of pregnancies result in spontaneous abortion. This number is, nevertheless, likely to be much higher as more than 40% of conceptions end before pregnancy is diagnosed. The frequency of spontaneous abortions increases with mother’s age. Infertility is defined as an inability of a woman to carry a pregnancy to a viable foetus. From the perspective of differential diagnosis, infertility differs from sterility, i.e. an inability of a woman to get pregnant. If a woman miscarries at least three consecutive occasions, this is termed habitual abortion (or habitual pregnancy loss, HPL). Habitual abortion is a stand-alone nosological unit rather than an accumulation of circumstantial factors, as is confirmed by the lower incidence of foetal chromosomal aberrations in repeatedly miscarrying women compared to spontaneous abortions and a greater involvement of peristatic factors. A loss of all consecutive pregnancies in the first or second trimester is termed primary recurrent miscarriage. Secondary recurrent miscarriage is a situation when repeated miscarriages are preceded by a pregnancy leading to childbirth or an induced abortion. The term dysfertility is used if a woman miscarries on two consecutive occasions only. Habitual abortion occurs in 1% of women in reproductive age and 15–38% of pregnancies result in spontaneous abortion. This number is, nevertheless, likely to be much higher as more than 40% of conceptions end before pregnancy is diagnosed. The frequency of spontaneous abortions increases with mother’s age. Infertility is defined as an inability of a woman to carry a pregnancy to a viable foetus. From the perspective of differential diagnosis, infertility differs from sterility, i.e. an inability of a woman to get pregnant. If a woman miscarries at least three consecutive occasions, this is termed habitual abortion (or habitual pregnancy loss, HPL). Habitual abortion is a stand-alone nosological unit rather than an accumulation of circumstantial factors, as is confirmed by the lower incidence of foetal chromosomal aberrations in repeatedly miscarrying women compared to spontaneous abortions and a greater involvement of peristatic factors. A loss of all consecutive pregnancies in the first or second trimester is termed primary recurrent miscarriage. Secondary recurrent miscarriage is a situation when repeated miscarriages are preceded by a pregnancy leading to childbirth or an induced abortion. The term dysfertility is used if a woman miscarries on two consecutive occasions only. Habitual abortion occurs in 1% of women in reproductive age and 15–38% of pregnancies result in spontaneous abortion. This number is, nevertheless, likely to be much higher as more than 40% of conceptions end before pregnancy is diagnosed. The frequency of spontaneous abortions increases with mother’s age. |