| Description |
Background Cytogenetic abnormalities in multiple myeloma (MM) are one of the most important independent prognostic factors. Based on cytogenetic findings MM patients (pts.) could be divided into prognostic groups. Aims To determine the correlation between the aberration of the chromosome 13, rearrangement of IGH gene, translocations t(11;14) and t(4;14), the deletion of 17p13 and the prognostic factors in the patients with newly diagnosed MM who underwent autologous transplantation (AT) according protocol of CMG 2002 trial. Methods Fluorescence in situ hybridization and cytoplasm immunoglobulin staining (cIg-FISH) were used to detect monotypic plasma cells and aberrations mentioned above. Cytogenetic abnormalities were found in 70 newly diagnosed patients with MM, median of follow-up 17.5 months, median age 57 years (39-67), DS stadium: stage I 7.1%, II 24.3%, III 68.6%; A/B - 84.3%/15.7%. Results Overall response (OR) rate after AT was 78.5% including 13% CR, 27% VGPR and 38.5% PR. Median of time to progression (TTP) was 17.5 (0.4-41.4) months. Median of overall survival (OS) was 22.9 (0.4-48.5) months. The aberration of the chromosome 13 was found in 58% (40/69), IGH rearrangements in 57% (37/65), t(11;14) in 36% (13/37), t(4;14) in 33% (12/37) and deletion of 17p13 in 50% (23/46) pts. We have correlated standard prognostic factors (MIG, LD, B2M, Hb, CRP, Ca, albumin), TTP, progression free survival (PFS), duration of response (DOR) and OS with the occurrence of the mentioned aberrations. Higher CRP, lower albumin and lower Ca concentrations were detected in patients with aberration of chromosome 13. Higher Ca concentration (p = 0.042) was found in patient with t(11;14). We have observed trend for shorter TTP in patients with deletion of 17p13 and then in pts without this deletion (18.5 vs.21.9 months; p=0.287). As for this aberration we have found no significant difference when compared incidence of each chromosomal aberration for TTP, DOR, PFS and OS. Summary/Conclusion We have analysed data of the homogenous group of patients undergoing autologous transplantation in the CMG trial of Czech Myeloma Group. Based on the results we conclude that patients with deletion of 13q14 have higher CRP, lower albumin and lower Ca concentration. This analysis will be extended for all centres of CMG 2002.
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